Vietnam’s legislative framework regarding arbitration has faced criticism for its inconsistencies with the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (1958). While Vietnam ratified the Convention, certain provisions within its Arbitration Law and Civil Procedure Code may undermine the principles established by the Convention. For instance, the Vietnamese legal framework imposes stricter requirements for the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards compared to the more liberal standards outlined in the New York Convention. This includes excessive scrutiny of the merits of the dispute or procedural irregularities, which can hinder the swift enforcement of awards and contravene the Convention’s aim to facilitate international arbitration.