/dʒuːˈdɪʃəl rɪˈstreɪnt/ – Phrase
Definition: 1. việc hạn chế về tư pháp;
2. việc hạn chế tự do theo lệnh tòa án, việc quản thúc theo lệnh tòa án;
3. việc ngăn cấm của tòa án, biện pháp ngăn chặn của tòa án;
4. sự cưỡng chế của tòa án.
A more thorough explanation: Judicial restraint refers to the practice of judges limiting the exercise of their own power, particularly in interpreting and applying the law, in order to respect the roles of other branches of government and uphold principles of separation of powers. This approach involves a reluctance to strike down laws or government actions unless they clearly violate the Constitution or established legal principles.
Example: In the case of Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court demonstrated judicial restraint by refusing to issue a writ of mandamus against the Secretary of State, thereby avoiding a direct confrontation with the executive branch.