/ɪmˈpɛr.mənt ʌv ˈkɒn.trækts klɔːz/ – Phrase
Definition: Điểm về hiệu lực bắt buộc của các hợp đồng (điểm 1 chương 10 điều I hiến pháp Hoa Kỳ cấm các bạn thông qua những đạo luật bác bỏ hay thay đổi những cam kết riêng trong hợp đồng).
A more thorough explanation: An impairment of contracts clause is a provision in a contract or in the law that prohibits the government or any party to the contract from taking actions that would impair the obligations or rights established in the contract. This clause is often included in contracts to protect the parties’ rights and ensure that the terms of the contract are not altered or invalidated by subsequent legislation or actions.
Example: The impairment of contracts clause in the Constitution prohibits the government from passing any laws that retroactively interfere with existing contractual agreements.