/əkˈsesəri bɪˈfɔr ðə fækt/ – Pharse
Definition: tòng phạm, đồng phạm trước khi xảy ra sự kiện phạm tội (kẻ giúp sức, kẻ xúi giục).
A more throughout explanation: An accessory before the fact is a person who helps plan or prepare for a crime but is not present when the crime is committed.
Example: If someone helps plan a robbery but is not present when the robbery occurs, they are considered an accessory before the fact.